DENTAL CARE FOR DOWN SYNDROME

American performer Chris Burke had said this about Down Syndrome - “Having Down syndrome is like being born normal. I am just like you and you are just like me. We are all born in different ways, that is the way I can describe it. I have a normal life.”

We couldn't agree more! In fact, a significant point to be made here is that there is just one chromosome extra in individuals with Down Syndrome. Having said that, that one chromosome can make a world of difference in the lives they lead - in good ways, and also ways that do pose a challenge.

Individuals with Down Syndrome are more in need of specialized dental care due to potential oral health challenges such as delayed tooth eruption, malocclusion (misaligned teeth), and increased risk of periodontal disease (gum disease), requiring regular brushing, flossing, and dental visits, with the first visit to a dentist recommended within 6 months of the first tooth erupting or by one year of age.

Individuals that have Down Syndrome may also experience macroglossia (a large tongue), narrow palates, and increased risk of dental caries (cavities). As if this weren't enough, people with Down Syndrome are more likely to grind or clench their teeth (bruxism), which can be triggered by anxiety, malocclusion, or other factors. The reduced flow of saliva and constant dry mouth also increases the risk of cavities in these individuals.

The additional challenge is below normal motor skills in some individuals. This reduced manual dexterity makes brushing and flossing effectively a challenge.

It is for these combined factors that ignoring dental health in individuals with special needs can have severe far-reaching consequences.

Here's how to approach dental care for individuals with Down syndrome:

1. Regular Brushing and Flossing:

Brushing teeth twice a day with a medicated toothpaste, or one that contains fluoride is of primary importance. Flossing is just as necessary.

2. Dietary Considerations:

At ToothInc., we believe prevention is definitely better than cure. So, limit the intake of sugary drinks and foods.

3. First Dental Visit, followed by regular check-ups:

Encourage a visit to the dentist within six months of the first tooth erupting or by 1 year of age. Thereafter, make it a point to schedule a check-up every six months.

4. Choosing The Right Dentist:

Some individuals with Down Syndrome may require specialized dental care, such as treatment under sedation or general anesthesia. Be careful you choose a dentist experienced in treating patients with special abilities and needs.

5. Caregiver Education:

Parents and/ or primary caregivers of individuals with special abilities need to me made aware of the specific needs of their wards. Additionally, caregivers need to know proper oral hygiene techniques and ensure that there are regular dental visits.

7. Positive Reinforcement:

Because of the sensitive nature of individuals with Down Syndrome, positive reinforcement of brushing and flossing will not only enable an individual with special needs, but also make habit-formation easier. And enjoyable!

8. Choice of toothpaste:

A medicated toothpaste or one that contains fluoride will always be a better option, considering there will be a tendency amongst individuals with special abilities to forget brushing or flossing. Such a toothpaste will also help prevent cavities. Ask your dentist to help you select one.

10. Mouthwash:

Daily use of a medicated and effective mouthwash is also non-negotiable in individuals with special needs. A good dentist may sometimes advise you to use chlorhexidine (diluted in a ratio with water), as a stronger antimicrobial mouthwash, if necessary.

11. Specialized Toothbrushes:

Some individuals with Down Syndrome may have severely less dexterity and underdeveloped motor skills. A common myth here would be that electric toothbrushes help - but these could actually cause gum injuries in people with Down Syndrome. Consider using a soft-bristled manual (non-electric) toothbrush, which can help reduce chances of gum injury or inflammation. Consult your dentist on the toothbrush that could be best suited to your needs.

12. Flossers:

A water flosser (https://www.mobileapp.app/to/rjE2HBJ?ref=2_cl) could be the best option for individuals with Down Syndrome. This uses the pressure of water to clean the hard-to-reach surfaces between teeth.

Making a difference in the oral health of a person with Down Syndrome may go slowly at first, but determination, and patience, can bring positive results—and invaluable rewards. By adopting the strategies discussed in this blog, you can have a significant impact not only on your ward's oral health, but on their quality of life as well.